Dziko la migodi lidakokedwa mbali zonse mu 2023: kugwa kwa mitengo ya lithiamu, kukwiya kwa M&A, chaka choyipa cha cobalt ndi faifi tambala, kusuntha kwa mchere ku China, mbiri yatsopano ya golide, ndi kulowererapo kwa boma pamigodi pamlingo womwe sunawonekere zaka makumi ambiri. . Nazi mndandanda wankhani zazikulu kwambiri zamigodi mu 2023.
Chaka chomwe mtengo wa golidi umayika mbiri yanthawi zonse uyenera kukhala nkhani yabwino kwa mafakitale amigodi ndi kufufuza, zomwe ngakhale pali phokoso lozungulira zitsulo za batri ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu.akuyimirabe msana wa msika waung'ono.
Misika yazitsulo ndi mchere imakhala yosasinthika nthawi zabwino kwambiri - kugwa kwamtengo wa faifi tambala, cobalt ndi lithiamu mu 2023 kunali kopitilira muyeso koma sikunachitikepo. Opanga nthaka osowa, oyang'anira zitsulo zamagulu a platinamu, otsatira zitsulo zachitsulo, ndi nsikidzi za golide ndi siliva pankhaniyi, adutsa moipitsitsa.
Makampani amigodi akhala akuyenda bwino pamadzi opanda phokoso, koma kutsekedwa kokakamiza kwa migodi ikuluikulu yamkuwa yomwe idayamba kupangidwa mzaka makumi angapo zapitazi kwakhala chikumbutso chambiri chakuopsa kwachiwopsezo chomwe ochita migodi amakumana nacho mopitilira kusintha kwa msika.
Panama yatseka mgodi waukulu wamkuwa
Pambuyo pa miyezi yambiri ya zionetsero ndi kukakamizidwa kwa ndale, kumapeto kwa November boma la Panama linalamula kuti kutsekedwa kwa mgodi wa First Quantum Minerals 'Cobre Panama pambuyo pa chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu lomwe linalengeza mgwirizano wa migodi pa ntchitoyi.zosemphana ndi malamulo.
Ziwerengero zapagulu kuphatikiza wolimbikitsa zanyengo Greta Thunberg ndi wosewera waku HollywoodLeonardo Di Caprioadathandizira zionetserozo ndiadagawana kanemakuyitanitsa kuti "mgodi wa mega" usiye kugwira ntchito, zomwe zidafalikira mwachangu.
Mawu aposachedwa a FQM Lachisanu adati boma la Panama silinapereke maziko ovomerezeka ku kampani yaku Vancouver.kutsatira ndondomeko yotseka, ndondomeko yomwe unduna wa zamafakitale m’dziko la America lapakati wati idzaperekedwa mu June chaka chamawa.
Mtengo wa FQMwalembazidziwitso ziwiri zotsutsana pa kutsekedwa kwa mgodi, womwe sunagwire ntchito kuyambira pomwe anthu ochita ziwonetseroadatsekereza mwayi wopita kudoko lake lotumiziramu October. Komabe, kukangana sikungakhale zotsatira zomwe kampaniyo ingakonde, adatero CEO Tristan Pascall.
Pambuyo pa zipolowe, FQM yati iyenera kudziwitsa anthu ambiri za mtengo wa mgodi wa $ 10 biliyoni, ndipo tsopano ikhala ndi nthawi yochuluka yocheza ndi anthu a ku Panama chisankho cha dziko chisanachitike chaka chamawa. Magawo a FQM adakwera kwambiri sabata yatha, koma akugulitsabe kuposa 50% pansi pa zomwe zidachitika mu Julayi chaka chino.
Kuperewera kwa mkuwa komwe kumayembekezeredwa kumasanduka nthunzi
Kuyimitsidwa kwa Cobre Panama ndi kusokonekera kosayembekezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito kukakamiza makampani opanga migodi yamkuwa kuti achepetse kutulutsa kwawona kuchotsedwa kwadzidzidzi kwa matani pafupifupi 600,000 omwe akuyembekezeka, kusuntha msika kuchokera pakuchulukira komwe kumayembekezeredwa kukhala bwino, kapena kupereŵera.
Zaka zingapo zotsatira zimayenera kukhala nthawi yambiri yamkuwa, chifukwa cha mndandanda wazinthu zazikulu zatsopano zomwe zikuyamba padziko lonse lapansi.
Chiyembekezo m'makampani ambiri chinali chowonjezera bwino msika usanakhwimenso pambuyo pa zaka khumi izi pomwe kufunikira kwachulukidwemagalimoto amagetsindizongowonjezwdwa mphamvu zomangamangaakuyembekezeka kugundana ndi kusowa kwa migodi yatsopano.
M'malo mwake, makampani oyendetsa migodi awonetsa momwe kuperekera kungathekere - kaya chifukwa cha kutsutsidwa kwa ndale ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, vuto lopanga ntchito zatsopano, kapena zovuta za tsiku ndi tsiku zokoka miyala pansi pa nthaka.
Mtengo wa Lithium umayendetsedwa pakukula kwazinthu
Mtengo wa lithiamu udatsitsidwa mu 2023, koma maulosi a chaka chamawa ali kutali kwambiri. Lithium amafuna kuchokeramagalimoto amagetsiikukulabe mwachangu, koma kuyankha kwapaintaneti kwasokoneza msika.
Lifiyamu yapadziko lonse lapansi, pakadali pano, idzalumpha ndi 40% mu 2024, UBS idatero koyambirira kwa mwezi uno, mpaka matani oposa 1.4 miliyoni a lithiamu carbonate ofanana.
Linanena bungwe pamwamba opanga Australia ndiLatini Amerikaidzakwera 22% ndi 29% motsatira, pamene ku Africa akuyembekezeka kuwirikiza kawiri, motsogoleredwa ndi ntchito ku Zimbabwe, bankiyo inati.
Kupanga kwa China kudzalumphiranso 40% m'zaka ziwiri zikubwerazi, idatero UBS, motsogozedwa ndi polojekiti yayikulu ya CATL kumwera kwa chigawo cha Jiangxi.
Banki yogulitsa ndalama ikuyembekeza kuti mitengo yaku China ya lifiyamu carbonate ikhoza kutsika ndi 30% chaka chamawa, kutsika mpaka 80,000 yuan ($14,800) pa toni mu 2024, pafupifupi ma yuan 100,000, ofanana ndi ndalama zopangira ku Jiangxi, dera lalikulu kwambiri ku China. mankhwala.
Katundu wa Lithium akufunikabe kwambiri
Mu Okutobala, Albemarle Corp.adachoka pakutenga kwake $ 4.2 biliyoniya Liontown Resources Ltd., pambuyo poti mayi wolemera kwambiri ku Australia adapanga anthu ochepa ndikuwononga imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zamabatire mpaka pano.
Pofunitsitsa kuwonjezera zinthu zina zatsopano, Albemarle adatsata cholinga chake chochokera ku Perth kwa miyezi ingapo, poyang'ana pulojekiti yake ya Kathleen Valley - imodzi mwama depositi odalirika kwambiri ku Australia. Liontown inavomereza kuperekedwa kwa "zabwino ndi zomaliza" za kampani yaku US ya A $ 3 gawo mu Seputembala - ndalama zotsala pafupifupi 100% pamtengowo chiwongola dzanja cha Albemarle chisanalengedwe mu Marichi.
Albemarle amayenera kulimbana ndi kubwera kwa tycoon wamigodi Gina Rinehart, monga Hancock Prospecting wake.idakwera pang'onopang'ono gawo la 19.9%.ku Liontown. Sabata yatha, adakhala Investor wamkulu yekhayo, wokhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti aletse mavoti omwe ali nawo pamalondawo.
Mu Disembala, SQM idalumikizana ndi Hancock Prospecting kuti ipangitse zotsekemera A $ 1.7 biliyoni ($ 1.14 biliyoni) kwa wopanga lifiyamu waku Australia Azure Minerals, maphwando atatuwo adatero Lachiwiri.
Mgwirizanowu ukhoza kupereka dziko la No.2 Lifiyamu wopanga SQM ku Australia ndi gawo la polojekiti ya Andover ya Azure ndi mgwirizano ndi Hancock, yemwe ali ndi zomangamanga za njanji komanso zochitika zapanyumba popanga migodi.
Chile, Mexico amalamulira lithiamu
Purezidenti wa Chile Gabriel Boric adalengeza mu April kuti boma lake lidzabweretsa makampani a lithiamu m'dzikoli pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma, kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chomwe boma lidzagwirizana ndi makampani kuti athe chitukuko cha m'deralo.
Thendondomeko yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yaitalimu dziko lachiwiri lalikulu sewero la batire zitsulo zikuphatikizapo kulenga dziko lifiyamu kampani, Boric anati.pa wailesi yakanema ya dziko lonse.
Purezidenti waku Mexico Andrés Manuel López Obrador mu Seputembala adati zololeza za lithiamu mdziko muno zikuwunikiridwa, Ganfeng waku China mwezi watha atawonetsa kuti chilolezo chake cha lithiamu ku Mexico chachotsedwa.
López Obrador adakhazikitsanso nkhokwe za lithiamu ku Mexico koyambirira kwa chaka chino ndipo mu Ogasiti, Ganfeng adati akuluakulu amigodi ku Mexico adapereka chidziwitso ku mabungwe awo omwe akuwonetsa kuti zololeza zisanu ndi zinayi zathetsedwa.
Golide woti amange pa chaka cholemba zolemba
Mtengo wamtsogolo wa golidi ku New York udakwera kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa Disembala ndipo ukuwoneka kuti upitilira chiwombankhanga chomwe chikubwera m'chaka chatsopano.
Benchmark yamtengo wagolide waku London idakwera kwambiri $2,069.40 pa troy ounce pa msika wamadzulo Lachitatu, kupitilira mbiri yakale ya $2,067.15 yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu Ogasiti 2020, London Bullion Market Association (LBMA) idatero.
"Sindingathe kuganiza za chisonyezero chomveka bwino cha udindo wa golide monga sitolo yamtengo wapatali kuposa chisangalalo chomwe osunga ndalama padziko lonse lapansi atembenukira kuzitsulo panthawi yamavuto azachuma ndi mayiko," adatero mkulu wa LMBA Ruth Crowell.
JPMorgan adaneneratu mbiri yatsopano mmbuyomo mu Julayi koma akuyembekeza kuti chiwongola dzanja chatsopano chichitike mgawo lachiwiri la 2024. Maziko a chiyembekezo cha JPMorgan cha 2024 - kutsika kwa chiwongola dzanja cha US - sichinasinthe:
"Banki ili ndi mtengo wapakati wa $ 2,175 pa bullion mu kotala yomaliza ya 2024, zomwe ziwopsezo zidakwera pang'onopang'ono potengera kugwa kwachuma ku US komwe kungachitike nthawi ina Fed isanayambe kuchepa."
Ngakhale golide adakwera nsonga zatsopano, ndalama zofufuzira pazitsulo zamtengo wapatali zimaviikidwa. Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Novembala bajeti yonse yowunikira migodi idatsika chaka chino koyamba kuyambira 2020, kutsika 3% mpaka $ 12.8 biliyoni kumakampani 2,235 omwe adapereka ndalama kuti apeze kapena kukulitsa madipoziti.
Ngakhale mtengo wonyezimira wa golide, ndalama zowunikira golide, zomwe m'mbiri yakale zimayendetsedwa kwambiri ndi migodi yaing'ono kuposa zitsulo zina zilizonse, zidatsika ndi 16% kapena $ 1.1 biliyoni pachaka mpaka pansi $6 biliyoni, zomwe zikuyimira 46% ya chiwerengero cha dziko lonse lapansi.
Izi zatsika kuchokera pa 54% mu 2022 pakugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri pa lithiamu, faifi tambala ndi zitsulo zina za batri, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogulira uranium ndi nthaka yosowa komanso kukweza kwa mkuwa.
Chaka cha Mining cha M&A, spin-offs, IPOs, ndi SPAC deals
Mu Disembala, zongopeka za Anglo American (LON: AAL)kukhala chandamale cha kulandandi mdani kapena kampani yabizinesi yokhazikitsidwa, monga kufooka m'magawo a mgodi wosiyanasiyana kumapitilirabe.
Ngati Anglo American sasintha ntchito ndipo mtengo wake ukupitilira kutsika, akatswiri ofufuza a Jefferies akuti "sangathe "kutsutsa kuti Anglo akutenga nawo mbali pakuphatikizana kwamakampani," malinga ndi zomwe adalemba.
Mu Okutobala, ogawana nawo ku Newcrest Mining adavota mwamphamvu kuti avomereze ndalama zogulira pafupifupi $17 biliyoni kuchokera ku kampani yayikulu yamigodi ya golide ya Newmont Corporation.
Newmont (NYSE: NEM) ikukonzekera kukweza ndalama zokwana madola 2 biliyoni kudzera mu malonda a migodi ndi kuchotsedwa kwa pulojekiti pambuyo pa kupeza. Kupezaku kumabweretsa mtengo wa kampaniyo pafupifupi $50 biliyoni ndikuwonjezera migodi isanu yogwira ntchito ndi mapulojekiti awiri apamwamba ku mbiri ya Newmont.
Kutha kwachuma komanso kusamvana kunalinso gawo lalikulu lakukula kwamakampani mu 2023.
Atakanidwa kangapo pofuna kugula Teck Resources zonse, Glencore ndi mnzake waku Japan ali pamalo abwinoko.kuti abweretse ndalama zokwana madola 9 biliyoni pagawo la malasha la anthu osiyanasiyana a ku Canadampaka kumapeto. Mkulu wa Glencore, Gary Nagle, yemwe adapempha kampani yonseyo adatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi boma la Liberal la Justin Trudeau komanso Prime Minister waku British Columbia, komwe kampaniyo idakhazikitsidwa.
Vale (NYSE: VALE) sakuyang'ana ogwirizana nawo atsopano pazitsulo zake zoyambira pambuyo pa kugulitsa kwaposachedwa, koma atha kulingalira zaIPOkwa gawoli pasanathe zaka zitatu kapena zinayi, CEO Eduardo Bartolomeo adatero mu Okutobala.
Vale adalemba bwana wakale wa Anglo American Plc Mark Cutifani mu Epulo kuti atsogolere bungwe lodziyimira palokha kuti liyang'anire gawo la $26 biliyoni lamkuwa ndi faifi yomwe idapangidwa mu Julayi pomwe kampani ya makolo yaku Brazil idagulitsa 10% ku Saudi fund Manara Minerals.
Magawo a mgodi wa mkuwa ndi golide waku Indonesia, PT Amman Mineral Internasional, achulukirachulukira kuwirikiza kanayi kuyambira pomwe adalembedwa mu Julayi ndipo akuyembekezeka kukwera ataphatikizidwa m'misika yayikulu yomwe ikubwera mu Novembala.
Amman Mineral's $ 715 miliyoni IPO inali yayikulu kwambiri ku Southeast Asia chuma chambiri chaka chino ndipo idawerengedwa kuti ikufunika kwambiri ndi ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso zapakhomo.
Sikuti kugulitsa konse kudayenda bwino chaka chino.
Adalengezedwa mu June, mgwirizano wa $ 1 biliyoni wazitsulo ndi thumba lopanda cheke ACG Acquisition Co kuti ligule.faifi tambala wa ku Brazil komanso mgodi wa golide wa mkuwakuchokera ku Appian Capital, idathetsedwa mu Seputembala.
Mgwirizanowu udathandizidwa ndi Glencore, kholo la Chrysler Stellantis ndi batire ya Volkswagen PowerCo kudzera muzachuma, koma mitengo ya nickel idatsika panali kusowa kwa chidwi kuchokera kwa osunga ndalama ochepa panthawi ya $300 miliyoni yomwe ACG idakonza ngati gawo la mgwirizano. malonda.
Zokambirana mu 2022 zofuna kupeza migodi zidathanso pambuyo poti Sibanye-Stillwater yemwe adafuna migodi adatuluka. Kugulitsa kumeneko tsopano ndi nkhani yamilanduAppian atapereka chiwongola dzanja cha $1.2 biliyoni motsutsana ndi mgodi wa ku South Africa.
Nickel nosedive
M'mwezi wa Epulo, PT Trimegah Bangun Persada waku Indonesia, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti Harita Nickel, adapeza ndalama zokwana 10 thililiyoni ($672 miliyoni) m'malo omwe panthawiyo anali kupereka anthu ambiri ku Indonesia panthawiyo.
Harita Nickel's IPO idakhala yowawa kwa osunga ndalama, komabe, mitengo yachitsulo idalowa pansi komanso kutsika kwanthawi yayitali. Nickel ndiye wochita zoyipa kwambiri pazitsulo zoyambira, pafupifupi kutsika mtengo wake atayamba 2023 kuchita malonda opitilira $30,000 patani.
Chaka chamawa sichikuwoneka bwino kwa mkuwa wa mdierekezi mwina ndi wopanga wamkulu Nornickel akulosera za kuchuluka kwachulukidwe chifukwa chakusoweka kwa magalimoto amagetsi komanso kukwera kochokera ku Indonesia, komwe kumabweranso ndi cobalt wandiweyani:
“… Pakadali pano, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zatsopano za nickel ku Indonesia kudapitilirabe kwambiri.
Palladiumanalinso ndi chaka chovuta, kutsika ndi opitilira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu mu 2023 ngakhale chiwongola dzanja chochedwa kuchokera kutsika kwazaka zambiri koyambira kumayambiriro kwa Disembala. Palladium idagulitsidwa komaliza pa $1,150 paunsi imodzi.
China imasintha minofu yake yofunikira kwambiri
Mu Julayi China idalengeza kuti ichepetsa kugulitsa kunjazitsulo ziwiri zosaoneka koma zofunika kwambiripakukula kwa nkhondo yamalonda paukadaulo ndi US ndi Europe.
A Beijing ati ogulitsa kunja akuyenera kufunsira ziphaso ku unduna wa zamalonda ngati akufuna kuyamba kapena kupitiliza kutumiza gallium ndi germanium kunja kwa dzikolo ndipo akuyenera kufotokoza zambiri za ogula akunja ndi zomwe akufuna.
China ndiye gwero lalikulu lazitsulo zonse ziwiri - zomwe zimawerengera 94% ya gallium ndi 83% ya germanium, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa European Union pazambiri zopangira chaka chino. Zitsulo ziwirizi zili ndi zida zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito akatswiri popanga chipmaking, zida zolumikizirana komanso chitetezo.
Mu Okutobala, China idati ifuna zilolezo zotumizira zinthu zina za graphite kuti ziteteze chitetezo cha dziko. China ndi dziko lotsogola padziko lonse lapansi lopanga ma graphite komanso kutumiza kunja. Imayeretsanso zoposa 90% ya graphite yapadziko lonse lapansi kukhala zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi ma anode onse a batri a EV, omwe ndi gawo la batri loyipitsidwa molakwika.
Ogwira ntchito ku USadati kusuntha kwa China kukutsimikizira kufunika kwa Washington kuti ichepetse njira yake yowunikira zilolezo. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ma graphite omwe amadyedwa ku United States amachokera ku China, malinga ndi Alliance for Automotive Innovation, yomwe imayimira makampani ogulitsa magalimoto.
Mu Disembala, Beijing idaletsa kutumiza kwaukadaulo kupanga maginito osowa padziko lapansi Lachinayi, ndikuwonjezera kuletsa komwe kulipo kale paukadaulo kuti achotse ndikulekanitsa zida zofunika.
Rare earths ndi gulu la zitsulo 17 zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maginito omwe amasintha mphamvu kuti ikhale yoyenda kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto amagetsi, ma turbines amphepo ndi zamagetsi.
Pamene mayiko akumadzulo akuyesera kukhazikitsa awoosowa Earth processing ntchito, chiletsocho chikuyembekezeka kukhala ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu pa zomwe zimatchedwa "dziko lapansi lolemera kwambiri," zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto amagetsi amagetsi, zida zamankhwala ndi zida, pomwe China ili ndi mphamvu zoyenga.
Choyambirira:Frik Els | www.mining.comNthawi yotumiza: Dec-28-2023